Tom Bonnen claimed the glamour leg on the streets of Paris, while Robbie McEwen took the green points jersey.
But the day belonged to Armstrong, who bettered the five Tour wins of cycling greats Eddy Merckx, Jacques Anquetil, Bernard Hinault and Miguel Indurain.
Andreas Kloden clinched second place on the podium, ahead of Italian Ivan Basso and German compatriot Jan Ullrich.
Armstrong’s victory was never in doubt on what was a largely processional last stage.